Researchers are concerned that surveys in schools or medical intake forms do not permit LGBTQteens to identify their gender identity and sexual orientation.

Surveys of demographics given to teens in schools and intake forms that are handed out at doctor’s offices don’t provide options that are in line with the way that teens today identify what they are and their sexuality, as per new research that was published on the 21st of March within the Journal of Pediatrics.

The authors of the study say that teenagers who could require special mental health services might not be being checked for the services.

The study, carried out by scientists from the University of Minnesota, included more than 60 percent of students from Minnesota public schools between 8-9 and 11, which is nearly 100,000 teenagers in total. Researchers discovered that 9.4 percent of students identified themselves as gay, lesbian, bisexual, queer (any sexual orientation other than heterosexual and transgender), and pansexual (attracted to any gender).

Researchers found the following: 1.4 percent of college students identified themselves as transgender and genderqueer (identities beyond the traditional male/female gender binary) or gender fluid (gender identities that can alter in time) more than half of them identified as nonbinary (a broad term that could be used to mean that you are either female or male, but not or neither, or a combination of both). Additionally, 2.1 percent admitted being uncertain of their gender or gender identity.

The previous research conducted by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) discovered an average of 11.2 percent of all high school students all over the nation identified as lesbian, gay, or bisexual in the year 2019, last year’s year which statistics are available. The CDC did not collect data about gender identity that went beyond males and females.

In comparison, 5.6 percent of American adults identified themselves as lesbians or bisexual, gay, or transgender in 2021, by Gallup.

Mental Health Concerns Vary by Gender Identity and Sexual Orientation

The Minnesota researchers found significant distinctions in mental health concerns emerged when adolescents were allowed to speak out about their sexual orientation and gender.

For example, pansexual teens had the most severe depression among adolescents of different sexual orientations, as transmasculine and nonbinary teens who identified their sexual orientation as female compared to students of all genders.

Lesbian and gay teens have experienced more emotional distress and discrimination based on gender than pansexuals. Genderqueer, nonbinary, and gender-fluid students reported the most discrimination based on sexual orientation, and transgender males were the most affected by gender-based bullying.

Clinicians have missed a significant opportunity to test these people for mental health concerns and provide them with affirmation and special care, according to the lead study’s writer, Amy L. Gower Ph.D., a doctoral research associate at Pediatrics in the Department of the University of Minnesota.

Forms for medical intake and school questionnaires that provide options beyond gender or race could significantly differ.

“At the end of the day, the biggest piece is for us to say these terms are being used widely by young people,” Dr. Gower says, “and for adults to really understand and take the time to self-educate about what these terms are, and mean, and what they mean for young people so that we can create safe and affirming spaces where young people can belong for who they truly are.”

Research That Ignores Diversity May End Up Stifling Meaningful Mental Health Interventions

It’s also the right time for researchers to understand better the variety of ways adolescents self-identify as they see themselves, according to Renato “Rainier” M. Liboro Ph.D., an associate professor in psychology at the University of Nevada in las vegas news.

“The role and responsibility of all researchers are to stay current,” the Dr. Liboro, “and therefore be more relevant to that time.” Mainly when research is often used to inform practices and policies that affect the lives of LGBTQ and teens, these kinds of studies are vital to uncovering the gaps in how we meet teens’ needs. Being well-informed can assist researchers in gaining the trust of youth, which may be more comfortable with similar studies in the future.

RELATED: Young and Figuring Out LGBTQ+ Identity

“This kind of research relies heavily on self-reporting, so it really depends on the participation of people,” Liboro declares. The latest report “highlights the fact that in order for us to be able to get the most accurate, the most representative data that we can, in order to support young people of diverse sexual and gender identities, we need to be able to have them come forward, have their voices heard, and have their experiences recognized.”

Considerations for Future Research

Gower admits the Minnesota study had its limitations. In particular, the form of the question “What is your biological sex?” could pose a problem for transgender teens who might have responded with the gender they are close to instead of the gender they were born with, which is a crucial distinction to ensure that data is accurately captured.

“It is really important to talk to young people and bring their voices in,” Gower states. “Survey research gets us started on this, but we’re now doing work with young people in qualitative interviews to understand how they think about their identity, and how other important identities, like their racial and cultural identity, play into that.”

In the 2021 Trevor Project National Survey on LGBTQ Youth Mental Health, Half of LGBTQ youngsters of color had experienced discrimination due to race or ethnicity during the last year, not to mention discrimination due to gender, sexual orientation, or identity.

Gower states that LGBTQand teens believe they are more comfortable and enjoy better mental health if adults around them take more time to learn about the terms they are using in defining themselves. “We hear from many LGBTQ young people in other work we’ve done that it gets tiring to explain what their identity means,” Gower states. “One of the messages we want to get out is that supporting young people means doing some of your own work to learn on your own, rather than putting that on young people all the time because it becomes exhausting.”

Gower suggests the youth-led group Trans Student Educational Resources as an excellent place to begin.